|| चाणक्य नीति शास्त्र ||
अनृतं साहसं माया मूर्खत्वमातिलोभिता |
अशौचत्वं निर्दयत्वं स्त्रीणां दोषाः स्वभावजाः ||
Untruthfulness, rashness, cunningness, stupidity, greed, uncleanliness and cruelty are women's natural flaws. 2.1
भोज्यं भोजनशक्तिश्र्च रतिशक्तिर्वराङ्गना |
विभवो दानशक्तिश्र्च नाल्पस्य तपसः फ़लम् ||
यस्य पुत्रो वशीभूतो भार्या छन्दानुगामिनी |
विभवे यश्र्च सन्तुष्टस्तस्य स्वर्ग इहैव हि ||
ते पुत्रा ये पितुर्भक्ताः स पिता यस्तु पोषकः |
तन्मित्रं यत्र विश्वासः सा भार्या यत्र निवृतिः ||
विश्वसेत्कुमित्रे च मित्रे चापि न विश्वसेत् |
कदाचित्कुपितं मित्रं सर्वं गुह्यं प्रकाशयेत् ||
कष्टं च खलु मूर्खत्वं कष्टं च खलु यौवनम् |
कष्टात्कष्टतरं चैव परगेहनिवासनम् ||
शैले शैले न माणिक्यं मौक्तिकं न गजे गजे |
To have ability of eating when dishes are ready, to be robust and potent
in the company of one's religiously wedded wife, to have ability to
make charity when one is prosperous are the fruits of no ordinary
austerities. 2.2
यस्य पुत्रो वशीभूतो भार्या छन्दानुगामिनी |
विभवे यश्र्च सन्तुष्टस्तस्य स्वर्ग इहैव हि ||
He, whose son is
obedient to him, whose wife's conduct is in accordance with his wishes,
and who is content with his wealth, has his heaven here on earth. 2.3
ते पुत्रा ये पितुर्भक्ताः स पिता यस्तु पोषकः |
तन्मित्रं यत्र विश्वासः सा भार्या यत्र निवृतिः ||
They alone are
sons who are devoted to their father. He is a father who supports his
sons. He is a friend in whom we can confide. And she only is a wife, in
whose company a husband feels contented and peaceful. 2.4
परोक्षे कार्यहन्तारं प्रत्यक्षे प्रियवादिनम् |
वर्जयेत्तादृशं मित्रं विषकुम्भं पयोमुखम् ||
वर्जयेत्तादृशं मित्रं विषकुम्भं पयोमुखम् ||
Avoid that person
who talks sweetly before you and tries to ruin you behind your back,
because he is like a pot of poison with milk on top. 2.5
विश्वसेत्कुमित्रे च मित्रे चापि न विश्वसेत् |
कदाचित्कुपितं मित्रं सर्वं गुह्यं प्रकाशयेत् ||
Do not put your
trust in bad companion nor in an ordinary friend, because if he gets
angry with you, he may bring all your secrets to light. 2.6
मनसा चिन्तितं कार्यं वाचा नैव प्रकाशयेत् |
मन्त्रेण रक्षयेङ्गुढं कार्ये चापि नियोजनेत् ||
मन्त्रेण रक्षयेङ्गुढं कार्ये चापि नियोजनेत् ||
Do not reveal what
you have thought upon doing, but by wise guidance and being determined
to execute it, keep it a secret. 2.7
कष्टं च खलु मूर्खत्वं कष्टं च खलु यौवनम् |
कष्टात्कष्टतरं चैव परगेहनिवासनम् ||
Foolishness is
indeed painful and so is the youth, but more painful than both of these
is being obliged to live in another's house. 2.8
साधवो न हि सर्वत्र चन्दनं न वने वने ||
पुत्राश्र्च विविधैः शीलैर्नियोज्याः सततं बुधैः |
तिज्ञाः शीलसंपन्ना भवन्ति कुलपूजिताः ||
Ruby in not found
in every mountain, nor a pearl in the head of every elephant. Neither
are the sadhus to be found everywhere, nor sandalwood tree in every
forest. 2.9
पुत्राश्र्च विविधैः शीलैर्नियोज्याः सततं बुधैः |
तिज्ञाः शीलसंपन्ना भवन्ति कुलपूजिताः ||
Wise men should always bring up their sons in various moral ways,
because children who have knowledge of niti - shastra and who are well
behaved become glory of their family. 2.10
सभामध्ये न शोभन्ते हंसमध्ये बको यथा ||
लालनाद्धवहो दोषास्तानडे बहवो गुणाः |
Those parents who do not educate their sons are their enemies, because
as is the duck in the group of swans, so are these ignorant sons in
assembly of people. 2.11
तस्मात पुत्रं च शिष्यं च ताडयेन्न तु लालयेन् ||
श्लोकेन वा तदर्धेन तदर्धार्धाक्षरेण वा |
Many bad habits are developed due to overindulgence and many good habits
are developed due to chastisement. Therefore chastise your son as well
as disciple but never indulge them. 2.12
अबन्धं दिवसं कुर्याद्दानाध्ययनकर्मभिः ||
2.14
नदीतीरे च ये वृक्षाः परगेहेषु कामिनी |
Let not a single day pass without your learning a verse (shloka) , or
half a verse or one fourth of it or even one letter of it; nor without
attending charity, study and other pious activity. 2.13
The Sanskrit text and English translation of verse 2.14 available with
us is not exactly matching. So it will be posted only after the problem
is fixed.
मन्त्रहीनाश्र्च राजानः नशन्त्यसंशयम् ||
बलं विद्या च विप्राणां राज्ञां सैन्यं बलं तथा |
Trees on the river bank, a woman in another man's house, and the king
without counsellors go to swift destruction without a doubt. 2.15
बलं वित्तं च वैश्यानां शूद्राणां परिचर्यकम् ||
निर्धनं पुरुषं वेश्या प्रजा भग्नं नृपं त्यजेत् |
A brahmana's strength is in his learning, a king's strength is in his
army, vaishya's strength lies in his wealth and a shudra's strength is
in his attitude of service. 2.16
खगा वीतफलं वृक्षं भुक्त्वा चाभ्यागतो गृहम् ||
गृहीत्वा दक्षिणां विप्रास्त्यजन्ति यजमानकम् |
Prostitute has to forsake a man without money. People have to forsake
king who can not defend them. Birds forsake a tree which bears no fruit.
Guests forsake the house when they have finished their meals. 2.17
प्राप्तविद्या गुरुं शिष्या दग्धारण्यं मृगास्तथा ||
Brahmanas leave their patrons (supporters) after receiving alms from
them, scholars leave their teachers after receiving education from them,
and animals desert the forest that has been burnt down. 2.18
दुराचारी दुरादृष्टीर्दुरावासी च दुर्जनः |
यन्मैत्री क्रियते पुंभिर्नरः शीघ्रं विनश्यति ||
समाने शोभते प्रीतिः राज्ञी सेवा च शोभते |
He who befriends a man whose conduct is vicious, whose vision impure, and who is notoriously crooked, is rapidly ruined. 2.19
वाणिज्यं व्यवहारेषु दिव्या स्त्री शोभते गृहे ||
Friendship between equals flourishes, service under the king flourishes,
its good to be practical and business minded in dealings, its good for a
beautiful lady to stay at home only. 2.20
