|| चाणक्य नीति शास्त्र ||
दातृत्वं प्रियवक्तृत्वं धीरत्वमुचितज्ञता |
अभ्यासेन न लभ्यन्ते चत्वारः सहजा गुणाः ||
अभ्यासेन न लभ्यन्ते चत्वारः सहजा गुणाः ||
Generosity, pleasing address, courage and propriety of conduct are not acquired, but are inbred qualities. 11.1
आत्मवर्ग परित्यज्य परावर्गं समाश्रयेत् |
स्वयमेव लयं याति यथा राजान्यधर्मतः ||
स्वयमेव लयं याति यथा राजान्यधर्मतः ||
He who forsakes his own community and joins another perishes as the king who embraces an unrighteous path. 11.2
हस्ती स्थूलतनुः स चाङ्कुशवशः किं हस्तिमात्रो S ङ्कुषो
दीपे प्रज्वलिते प्रणश्यति तमः किं दीपमात्रं तमः |
वज्रेणापि हताः पतन्ति गिरयः किं वज्रमात्रं नगा-
स्तेजो यस्य विराजते स बलवान्स्थूलेषु कः प्रत्ययः ||
दीपे प्रज्वलिते प्रणश्यति तमः किं दीपमात्रं तमः |
वज्रेणापि हताः पतन्ति गिरयः किं वज्रमात्रं नगा-
स्तेजो यस्य विराजते स बलवान्स्थूलेषु कः प्रत्ययः ||
The elephant has a huge body but is controlled by the Ankusha (goad):
yet, is the goad as large as the elephant? A lighted candle banishes
darkness: is the candle as vast as the darkness. A mountain is broken
even by a thunderbolt: is the thunderbolt therefore as big as the
mountain? No, he whose power prevails is really mighty; what is there in
bulk (size)? 11.3
Text 4 not available.
गृहासक्तस्य नो विद्या नो दया मांसभोजनः |
द्रव्यलुब्धस्य नो सत्यं स्त्रैणस्य न पवित्रता ||
द्रव्यलुब्धस्य नो सत्यं स्त्रैणस्य न पवित्रता ||
He who is engrossed in family life will never acquire knowledge; there
can be no mercy in the eater of flesh; the greedy man will not be
truthful; and purity will not be found in a woman and a hunter. 11.5
न दुर्जनः साधुदशामुपैति
बहुप्रकारैरपि शिक्ष्यमाणः |
आमूलसक्तिः पयसा घृतेन
न निम्बवृक्षो मधुरत्वमेति ||
बहुप्रकारैरपि शिक्ष्यमाणः |
आमूलसक्तिः पयसा घृतेन
न निम्बवृक्षो मधुरत्वमेति ||
The wicked man will not attain sanctity even if he is instructed in
different ways, and the Neem tree will not become sweet even if it is
sprinkled from the top to the roots with milk and ghee. 11.6
अन्तर्गतमलो दुष्टस्तीर्थस्थानशतैरापि |
न शुध्यति यथा भाण्डं सुराया दाहितं च सत् ||
न शुध्यति यथा भाण्डं सुराया दाहितं च सत् ||
Mental dirt cannot be washed away even by one-hundred baths in the
sacred waters, just as a wine pot cannot be purified even by evaporating
all the wine by fire. 11.7
न वेत्ति यो यस्य गुणप्रकर्षं
स तं सदा निन्दति नात्र चित्रम् |
यथा किराती करिकुम्भलब्धां
मुक्तां परित्यज्य बिभर्ति गुञ्जाम् ||
स तं सदा निन्दति नात्र चित्रम् |
यथा किराती करिकुम्भलब्धां
मुक्तां परित्यज्य बिभर्ति गुञ्जाम् ||
It is not strange if a man reviles (Degrades) a thing of which he has no
knowledge, just as a wild hunter's wife throws away the pearl that is
found in the head of an elephant, and picks up a Gunj (a type of seed
which poor tribals wear as ornaments). 11.8
ये तु संवत्सरं पूर्णं नित्यं मौनेन भुञ्जते |
युगकोटिसहस्त्रं तैः स्वर्गलोके महीयते ||
युगकोटिसहस्त्रं तैः स्वर्गलोके महीयते ||
He who for one year eats his meals silently (inwardly meditating upon
the Lord's prasadam); attains to the heavenly planets for a thousand
crore of years. ( Note: one crore equals ten million) 11.9
कामक्रोधौ तथा लोभं स्वादुशृङ्गारकौतुके |
अतिनिद्रातिसेवेच विद्यार्थी ह्यष्ट वर्जयेत् ||
अतिनिद्रातिसेवेच विद्यार्थी ह्यष्ट वर्जयेत् ||
The student (brahmacari) should completely renounce the following eight
things -- his lust, anger, greed, desire for sweets, sense of decorating
the body, excessive curiosity, excessive sleep, and excessive endeavour
for bodily maintenance. 11.10
अकृष्टफ़लमूलानि वनवासरतिः सदा |
कुरुतेsहरः श्राद्धमृषिविप्रः स उच्यते ||
कुरुतेsहरः श्राद्धमृषिविप्रः स उच्यते ||
One who eats only fruits and roots and lives in forest, offering oblations for his ancestors and performing penances, that brahmana is called Rishi. 11.11
एकाहारेण संतुष्ट षट् कर्मनिरतः सदा |
ऋतुकालाभिगामि च स विप्रो द्विज उच्यते ||
ऋतुकालाभिगामि च स विप्रो द्विज उच्यते ||
He alone is a true brahmana (dvija or "twice-born") who is satisfied with one meal a day, who has the six samskaras performed for him (acts of purification such as garbhadhana, etc.), and who cohabits with his wife only once in a month on an auspicious day after her menses. 11.12
लौकिके कर्मणि रतः पशूनां परिपालकः |
वाणिज्यकृषिकर्मा यः स विप्रो वैश्य उच्यते ||
वाणिज्यकृषिकर्मा यः स विप्रो वैश्य उच्यते ||
The brahmana who is engrossed in worldly affairs, who brings up and takes care of cows and who is engaged in a trade is really a Vaishya. 11.13
लाक्षादितैलनीलीनां कौसुम्भमधुसर्पिषाम् |
विक्रेता मद्यमांसानां स विप्र शूद्र उच्यते ||
विक्रेता मद्यमांसानां स विप्र शूद्र उच्यते ||
The brahmana who sells lac-die, articles, oil, indigo, silken cloth, honey, clarified butter, liquor, and flesh is a Shudra. 11.14
परकार्यविहन्ता च दाम्भिकः स्वार्थसाधकः |
छली द्वेषि मृदुः क्रूरो विप्रो मार्जार उच्यते ||
छली द्वेषि मृदुः क्रूरो विप्रो मार्जार उच्यते ||
The brahmana who thwarts the doings of others, who is
hypocritical, selfish, and a deceitful hater, and who speaks mildly but
cherishes cruelty in his heart, is called a cat. 11.15
वापिकूपतगाडानामारामसुरवेश्वनाम् |
उच्छेदने निराशन्कः स विप्र म्लेच्छ उच्यते ||
उच्छेदने निराशन्कः स विप्र म्लेच्छ उच्यते ||
The brahmana who destroys a pond, a well, a tank, a garden and a temple is called a mleccha. 11.16
देवद्रव्यं गुरुद्रव्यं परदाराभिदर्शनम् |
निर्वाहः सर्वभूतेषु विप्रचान्डाल उच्यते ||
निर्वाहः सर्वभूतेषु विप्रचान्डाल उच्यते ||
The brahmana who steals the property of the Deities and the
spiritual preceptor, who cohabits with another's wife, and who maintains
himself by eating anything and everything is called a chandala. 11.17
देयं भोज्यधनं धनं सुकृतिभिर्नो संचयस्तस्य वै
श्रीकर्णस्य बलेश्र्च विक्रमपतेरद्यापि कीर्तिः स्थिता |
अस्माकं मधुदानभोगरहितं नाथं चिरात्सन्चितं
निर्वाणादिति नैजपादयुगुलं धर्षन्त्यहो मक्षिकाः ||
श्रीकर्णस्य बलेश्र्च विक्रमपतेरद्यापि कीर्तिः स्थिता |
अस्माकं मधुदानभोगरहितं नाथं चिरात्सन्चितं
निर्वाणादिति नैजपादयुगुलं धर्षन्त्यहो मक्षिकाः ||
The meritorious should give away in charity all that they have in excess
of their needs. By charity only Karna, Bali and King Vikramaditya
survive even today. Just see the plight of the honeybees beating their
legs in despair upon the earth. They are saying to themselves, "Alas! We
neither enjoyed our stored-up honey nor gave it in charity, and now
someone has taken it from us in an instant." 11.18
