|| चाणक्य नीति शास्त्र ||
श्रुत्वा धर्मं विजानाति श्रुत्वा त्यजति दुर्मतिम् |
श्रुत्वा ज्ञानमवाप्नोति श्रुत्वा मोक्षमवाप्नुयात् ||
By means of hearing one understands dharma. By hearing, evil tendencies
vanish. By hearing, knowledge is acquired. By hearing only liberation
from material bondage is gained. 6.1
पक्षिणः काकश्र्चण्डालः पशूनां चैव कुक्कुरः |
मुनीनां पापश्र्चण्डालः सर्वचाण्डालनिन्दकः ||
Among birds the crow is vile. Among beasts the dog is worthless. Among
the ascetics, one whose sins are abominable is unworthy. But one who
blasphemes others is the worst wretched. 6.2
भस्मना शुद्धयते कास्यं ताम्रमम्लेन शुद्धयति |
रजसा शुद्धयते नारी नदी वेगेन शुद्धयति ||
Brass is polished by ashes; copper is cleaned by tamarind; a woman is
cleaned by her menses; and a river is cleaned by its flow. 6.3
भ्रमन्संपूज्यते राजा भ्रमन्संपूज्यते द्विजः |
भ्रमन्संपूज्यते योगी स्त्री भ्रमन्ती विनश्यति ||
भ्रमन्संपूज्यते योगी स्त्री भ्रमन्ती विनश्यति ||
The king, the brahmana, and the ascetic yogi who go abroad are respected; but the woman who wanders is utterly ruined. 6.4
यस्यार्थास्तस्य मित्राणि यस्यार्थास्तस्य बान्धवाः |
यस्यार्थाः स पुमाञल्लोके यस्यार्थाः स च पण्डितः ||
यस्यार्थाः स पुमाञल्लोके यस्यार्थाः स च पण्डितः ||
He who has wealth has friends. He who is wealthy has relatives. The rich
one alone is called a man, and the affluent alone are respected as
pandits (scholars). 6.5
तादृशी जायते बुद्धिर्व्यवसायोsपि तादृशः |
सहायास्तादृशा एव यादृशी भवितव्यता ||
सहायास्तादृशा एव यादृशी भवितव्यता ||
One's intellect functions by the desire of Providence. One's activities
are also controlled by Providence; and by the will of Providence one is
surrounded by helpers. 6.6
कालः पचति भूतानि कालः संहरते प्रजाः |
कालः सुप्तेषु जागर्ति कालो हि दुरतिक्रमः ||
कालः सुप्तेषु जागर्ति कालो हि दुरतिक्रमः ||
Time perfects all living beings as well as kills them; it alone is awake when all others are asleep. Time is insurmountable. 6.7
न पश्यति च जन्मान्धः कामान्धो नैव पश्यति |
मदोन्मत्ता न पश्यन्ति अर्थी दोषं न पश्यति ||
मदोन्मत्ता न पश्यन्ति अर्थी दोषं न पश्यति ||
Those born blind cannot see; similarly blind are those in the grip of
lust. Proud men have no perception of evil; and those bent on acquiring
riches see no sin in their actions. 6.8
स्वयं कर्म करोत्यात्मा स्वयं तत्फ़लमश्नुते |
स्वयं भ्रमति संसारे स्वयं तस्मात् विमुच्यते ||
स्वयं भ्रमति संसारे स्वयं तस्मात् विमुच्यते ||
The spirit soul goes through his own course of karma and he himself
suffers the good and bad results thereby accrued. By his own actions he
entangles himself in samsara, and by his own efforts he extricates
himself. 6.9
राजा राष्ट्रकृतं पापं राज्ञः पापं पुरोहितः |
भर्ता च स्त्रीकृतं पापं शिष्यपापं गुरुस्तथा ||
भर्ता च स्त्रीकृतं पापं शिष्यपापं गुरुस्तथा ||
The king is obliged to accept the sins of his subjects; the purohit
(priest) suffers for sins of the king; a husband suffers for sins of his
wife; and the guru suffers for sins of his pupils. 6.10
ऋणकर्ता पिता शत्रुर्माता च व्यभिचारिणी |
भार्या रूपवती शत्रुः पुत्रः शत्रुरपण्डितः ||
भार्या रूपवती शत्रुः पुत्रः शत्रुरपण्डितः ||
A father who is a chronic debtor, an adulterous mother, a beautiful
wife, and an unlearned son are enemies ( in one's own home). 6.11
लुब्धमर्थेन गृह्णीयात् स्तब्धमञ्जलिकर्मणा |
मूर्खं छन्दोsनुवृत्त्या च यथार्थत्वेन पण्डितम् ||
Conciliate a covetous man by means of a gift, an obstinate man with
folded hands in salutation, a fool by humouring him, and a learned man by
truthful words. 6.12
वरं न राज्यं न कुराजराज्यं वरं न मित्रं न कुमित्रमित्रं |
वरं न शिष्यो न कुशिष्यशिष्यो वरं न दार न कुदरदारः ||
It is better to be without a kingdom than to rule over a petty one;
better to be without a friend than to befriend a rascal; better to be
without a disciple than to have a stupid one; and better to be without a
wife than to have a bad one. 6.13
कुराज्यराज्येन कुतः प्रजासुखं
कुमित्रमित्रेण कुतः अभिनिवृतिः |
कुदारदारैश्र्च कुतो गृहे रतिः
कुशिष्यषिष्यमध्यापतयः कुतो यशः ||
कुमित्रमित्रेण कुतः अभिनिवृतिः |
कुदारदारैश्र्च कुतो गृहे रतिः
कुशिष्यषिष्यमध्यापतयः कुतो यशः ||
How can people be made happy in a petty kingdom? What peace can we
expect from a rascal friend? What happiness can we have at home in the
company of a bad wife? How can renown be gained by instructing an
unworthy disciple? 6.14
सिंहादेकं बकादेकं शिक्षेच्चत्वारि कुक्कुटात् |
वायसात्पञ्च शिक्षेच्च षट् शुनस्त्रीणि गर्धभात् ||
वायसात्पञ्च शिक्षेच्च षट् शुनस्त्रीणि गर्धभात् ||
Learn one thing from a lion; one from a crane; four from a cock; five from a crow; six from a dog; and three from an ass. 6.15
प्रभूतं कार्यमल्पं वा यन्नरः कर्तुमिच्छति |
सर्वारम्भेण तत्कार्यं सिंहादेकं प्रचक्षते ||
The one excellent thing that can be learned from a lion is that whatever
a man intends doing should be done by him with a whole-hearted and
strenuous effort. 6.16
इन्द्रियाणि च संयम्य ...... text missing
The wise man should restrain his senses like the crane and accomplish
his purpose with due knowledge of his place, time and ability. 6.17
प्रत्युत्थानं च युद्धं च संविभागं च बन्धुषु |
स्वयमाक्रम्य भुक्तं च शिक्ष्येच्चत्वारि कुक्कुटात् ||
To wake at the proper time; to take a bold stand and fight; to make a
fair division (of property) among relations; and to earn one's own bread
by personal exertion are the four excellent things to be learned from a
cock. 6.18
गूढमैथुनचारित्वं काले काले च सङ्ग्रहम् |
अप्रमत्तमविश्वासं पञ्च शिक्ष्येच्च वायसात् ||
Union in privacy (with one's wife); boldness; storing away useful items;
watchfulness; and not easily trusting others; these five things are to
be learned from a crow. 6.19
बह्वाशी स्वल्पसन्तुष्टः सनिद्रो लघुचेतनः |
स्वामिभक्तश्र्च शूरश्र्च षडेते श्र्वानतो गुणाः ||
स्वामिभक्तश्र्च शूरश्र्च षडेते श्र्वानतो गुणाः ||
Contentment with little or nothing to eat although one may have a great
appetite; to awaken instantly although one may be in a deep slumber;
unflinching devotion to the master; and bravery; these six qualities
should be learned from the dog. 6.20
सुश्रान्तोsपि वहेद्भारं शीतोष्णं न च पश्यति |
संतुष्टश्र्चरते नित्यं त्रीणि शिक्ष्येच्च गर्धभात् ||
संतुष्टश्र्चरते नित्यं त्रीणि शिक्ष्येच्च गर्धभात् ||
Although an ass is tired, he continues to carry his burden; he is
unmindful of cold and heat; and he is always contented; these three
things should be learned from the ass. 6.21
य एतान्विंशतिगुणानाचरिष्यति मानवः |
कार्यावस्थासु सर्वासु अजेयः स भविष्यति ||
कार्यावस्थासु सर्वासु अजेयः स भविष्यति ||
He who shall practice these twenty virtues shall become invincible in all his undertakings. 6.22
